Adventist Health Studies

Adventist Health Studies (AHS) is a series of long-term medical research projects of Loma Linda University with the intent to measure the link between lifestyle, diet, disease and mortality of Seventh-day Adventists.

Due in part to their unique dietary habits, Seventh-day Adventists have a lower risk than other Americans of certain diseases. This provides a special opportunity to answer scientific questions about how diet and other health habits affect the risk of suffering from many chronic diseases(...)

Specifically, comparing death rates of Adventist compared to other Californians:
--Death rates from all cancers was 60% lower for Adventist men and 76% lower for Adventist women
--Lung cancer 21% lower
--Colorectal cancer 62% lower
--Breast cancer 85% lower
--Coronary heart disease 66% lower for Adventist men, 98% lower for Adventist women...

Source: Adventist Health Studies
Author: Wikipedia

Link: Eat less meat, tread more lightly on the planet
Link: Minority Populations: Black/African Americans
Link: More black Americans giving up meat and dairy
Link: VEGETARIAN DIETS AND THE INCIDENCE OF CANCER IN A LOW-RISK POPULATION
Link: Vegetarians fare well eating meatless meals